NCERT CLASS 11 | TOPIC : EXCRETORY PRODUCTS AND THEIR ELIMINATION | QB-3 | NEET BIOLOGY ONLINE TEST

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NCERT CLASS 11 | TOPIC : EXCRETORY PRODUCTS AND THEIR ELIMINATION | QB-3 | NEET BIOLOGY ONLINE TEST

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It contains 32 important questions. Choose the most correct answer. Then check your answer. Try again if there are errors. Regards : www.onlinetest.kalvisolai.com

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1 ➤ 1. In which one of the following organisms its excretory organs are correctly stated? [AIPMT MAINS 2010]

(a) Humans − Kidneys, sebaceous glands (b) Earthworm − Pharyngeal, integumentary and septal nephridia (c) Cockroach − Malpighian tubules and enteric caeca (d) Frog − Kidneys, skin and buccal epithelium

2 ➤ 2. Which one of the following statements with regard to the excretion by the human kidneys is correct? [AIPMT PRE 2010]

(a) Descending limb of Loop of Henle is impermeable to water. (b) Distal convoluted tubule is incapable of reabsorbing HCO3-. (c) Nearly 99 per cent of the glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed by the renal tubules. (d) Ascending limb of loop of Henle is impermeable to electrolytes.

3 ➤ 3. The principal nitrogenous excretory compound in humans is synthesized [AIPMT PRE 2010]

(a) In kidneys but eliminated mostly through liver. (b) In kidneys as well as eliminated by kidneys. (c) In liver and also eliminated by the same through bile. (d) In the liver, but eliminated mostly through kidneys.

4 ➤ 4. Which one of the following correctly explains the function of a specific part of a human nephron? [AIPMT PRE 2011]

(a) Henle’s loop − Most reabsorption of the major substance from the glomerular filtrate. (b) Distal convoluted tubule − Reabsorption of ions into the surrounding blood capillaries. (c) Afferent arteriole − Carries the blood away from the glomerulus towards the renal vein. (d) Podocytes − Creates minute space (slit pores) for the filtration of blood into the Bowman’s capsule.

5 ➤ 5. Which one of the following is not a part of a renal pyramid? [AIPMT PRE 2011]

(a) Convoluted tubules (b) Collecting ducts (c) Loops Henle (d) Peritubular capillaries

6 ➤ 6. Uricotelic mode of passing out nitrogenous wastes is found in [AIPMT PRE 2011]

(a) Birds and annelids (b) Amphibians and reptiles (c) Insects and amphibians (d) Reptiles and birds

7 ➤ 7. Which one of the following statements is correct with respect to kidney function regulation? [AIPMT PRE 2011]

(a) Exposure to cold temperature stimulates ADH release. (b) An increase in glomerular blood flow stimulates the formation of angiotensin II. (c) During summer when the body loses lot of water by evaporation, the release of ADH is suppressed. (d) When someone drinks lot of water the ADH release is suppressed.

8 ➤ 8. A fall in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) activates [AIPMT MAINS 2012]

(a) Adrenal cortex to release aldosterone (b) Adrenal medulla to release adrenaline (c) Posterior pituitary to release vasopressin (d) Juxtaglomerular cells to release rennin

9 ➤ 9. Which one of the following option gives the correct categorization of six animals according to the type of nitrogenous wastes {A (Ammonotelic), B (Ureotelic), C (Uricotelic)} they give out? [AIPMT MAINS 2012]

(a) A: Frog, Lizards, B: Aquatic Amphibia, Humans, C: Cockroach, Pigeon (b) A: Aquatic Amphibia, B: Frog, Humans, C: Pigeon, Lizards, Cockroack (c) A: Aquatic Amphibia, B: Cockroach, Humans, C: Frog, Pigeon, Lizards (d) A: Pigeon, Humans, B: Aquatic Amphibia, Lizards, C: Cockroach, Frog

10 ➤ 10. The maximum amount of electrolytes and water (70 to 80 per cent) from the glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed in which part of the nephron? [AIPMT PRE 2012]

(a) Ascending limb of loop of Henle (b) Distal convoluted tubule (c) Proximal convoluted tubule (d) Descending limb of loop of Henle

11 ➤ 11. Figure shows the human urinary system with structures labelled from A to D. Select the option which correctly identifies them and gives their characteristics and/or functions. [AIPMT 2013]

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(a) A: Adrenal gland – located at the anterior part of kidney, secrete catecholamines, which stimulate glycogen breakdown. (b) B: Pelvis – broad funnel shaped space inner to hilum, directly connected to loop of Henle. (c) C: Medulla – inner zone of kidney and contains complete nephrons. (d) D: Cortex – outer part of kidney and do not contain any part of nephrons.

12 ➤ 12. Which of the following causes an increase in sodium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule?

(a) Increase in aldosterone levels (b) Increase in antidiuretic hormone levels (c) Decrease in aldosterone levels (d) Decrease in antidiuretic hormone levels

13 ➤ 13. Removal of proximal convoluted tubule from the nephron will result in [AIPMT 2015]

(a) More diluted urine (b) More concentrated urine (c) No change in quality and quantity of urine (d) No urine formation

14 ➤ 14. Which of the following does not favour the formation of large quantities of dilute urine? [AIPMT 2015]

(a) Alcohol (b) Caffeine (c) Renin (d) Atrial-natriuretic factor

15 ➤ 15. Human urine is usually acidic because [RE-AIPMT 2015]

(a) Excreted plasma proteins are acidic (b) Potassium and sodium exchange generates acidity (c) Hydrogen ions are actively secreted into the filtrate (d) The sodium transporter exchange one hydrogen ion for each sodium ion, in peritubular capillaries.

16 ➤ 16. In mammals, which blood vessel would normally carry largest amount of urea? [NEET - I, 2016]

(a) Renal Vein (b) Dorsal Aorta (c) Hepatic Vein (d) Hepatic Portal Vein

17 ➤ 17. The part of nephron involved in active reabsorption of sodium is [NEET - II, 2016]

(a) Proximal convoluted tubule (b) Bowman’s capsule (c) Descending limb of Henle’s loop (d) Distal convoluted tubule

18 ➤ 1. The following substances are the excretory products in animals. Choose the least toxic form among them?

(a) Urea (b) Uric acid (c) Ammonia (d) Carbon dioxide

19 ➤ 2. Filtration of the blood takes place at

(a) PCT (b) DCT (c) Collecting ducts (d) Malpighian body

20 ➤ 3. Which of the following statements is incorrect?

(a) ADH prevents the conversion of angiotensinogen in blood to angiotensin. (b) Aldosterone facilitates water reabsorption. (c) ANF enhances sodium reabsorption. (d) Renin causes vasodilation.

21 ➤ 4. A larger quantity of one of the following is removed from our body by lungs.

(a) CO2 only (b) H2O only (c) CO2 and H2O (d) Ammonia

22 ➤ 5. The pH of human urine is approximately

(a) 6.5 (b) 7 (c) 6 (d) 7.5

23 ➤ 6. Different types of excretory structures and animals are given below.

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(A) Protonephridia - (i) Prawn

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(B) Nephridia - (ii) Cockroach

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(C) Malpighian tubules - (iii) Earthworm

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(D) Green gland or Antennal gland - (iv) Flatworms

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(a) D – i, C – ii, B – iii and A – iv (b) B – i, C – ii, A – iii and B – iv (c) D – i, C – ii, A – iii and B – iv (d) B – i, C – ii, B – iii and D – iv

24 ➤ 7. Which one of the following statements is incorrect?

(a) Birds and land snails are uricotelic animals. (b) Mammals and frogs are ureotelic animals. (c) Aquatic amphibians and aquatic insects are ammonotelic animals. (d) Birds and reptiles are ureotelic.

25 ➤ 8. Which of the following pairs is wrong?

(a) Uricotelic ............ Birds (b) Ureotelic .............. Insects (c) Ammonotelic ............ Tadpole (d) Ureotelic ................ Elephant

26 ➤ 9. Which one of the following statements is incorrect?

(a) The medullary zone of kidney is divided into a few conical masses called medullary pyramids projecting into the calyces. (b) Inside the kidney the cortical region extends in between the medullary pyramids as renal pelvis. (c) Glomerulus along with Bowman’s capsule is called the renal corpuscle. (d) Renal corpuscle, Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT) and Distal Convoluted Tubule (DCT) of the nephron are situated in the cortical region of kidney.

27 ➤ 10. The condition of accumulation of urea in the blood is termed as

(a) Renal calculi (b) Glomerulonephritis (c) Uremia (d) Ketonuria

28 ➤ 11. Which one of the following is also known as antidiuretic hormone?

(a) Oxytocin (b) Vasopressin (c) Adrenaline (d) Calcitonin

29 ➤ 12. Match the terms given in Column I with their physiological processes given in Column II

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(A) Proximal - (i) Formation of concentrated urine

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(B) Distal convoluted tubule - (ii) Filtration of blood

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(C) Henle’s loop - (iii) Reabsorption of 70 to 80 per cent of electrolytes

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(D) Counter current mechanism - (iv) Ionic balance

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(E) Renal corpuscle - (v) Maintenance of concentration gradient in medulla

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(a) A– iii, B – v, C– iv, D – ii, E – i (b) A – iii, B – iv, C – i, D – v, E – ii (c) A – i, B – iii, C – ii, D – v, E – iv (d) A – iii, B – i, C – iv, D – v, E – ii.

30 ➤ 13. Match the abnormal conditions given in Column A with their explanations given in Column B.

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(A) Glycosuria - (i) Accumulation of uric acid in joints

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(B) Renal calculi - (ii) Inflammation in glomeruli

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(C) Glomerular nephritis - (iii) Mass of crystallized salts within the kidney

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(D) Gout - (iv) Presence of glucose in urine

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(a) A – i, B – iii, C – ii, D – iv (b) A – iii, B – ii, C – iv, D – i (c) A – iv, B – iii, C – ii, D – i (d) A – iv, B – ii, C – iii, D – i.

31 ➤ 14. We can produce concentrated/dilute urine. This is facilitated by a special mechanism. Identify the mechanism.

(a) Reabsorption from PCT. (b) Reabsorption from collecting duct. (c) Reabsorption/Secretion in DCT. (d) Counter current mechanism in Henle’s loop/Vasa recta.

32 ➤ 15. Dialysis unit (artificial kidney) contains a fluid which is almost same as plasma except that it has

(a) High glucose (b) High urea (c) No urea (d) High uric acid

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