NCERT CLASS 11 | TOPIC : EXCRETORY PRODUCTS AND THEIR ELIMINATION | QB-1 | NEET BIOLOGY ONLINE TEST

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NCERT CLASS 11 | TOPIC : EXCRETORY PRODUCTS AND THEIR ELIMINATION | QB-1 | NEET BIOLOGY ONLINE TEST

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It contains 100 important questions. Choose the most correct answer. Then check your answer. Try again if there are errors. Regards : www.onlinetest.kalvisolai.com

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1 ➤ 1. Select the incorrect statement from the following:

(a) Animals accumulate ammonia, urea, uric acid, CO2 and water by metabolic activities. (b) Animal accumulate substances like ions (Na+, K+, Cl-) and urea, ammonia, uric acid, CO2 and water are removed totally or partially. (c) Ammonia produced by metabolism is converted into urea in the liver of mammals. (d) Kidneys play significant role in the removal of ammonia directly.

2 ➤ 2. Select ammonotelic from the following

(a) Many bony fishes (b) Aquatic amphibians (c) Aquatic insects (d) All of these

3 ➤ 3. Select the order of toxicity. A. Ammonia B. Urea C. Uric acid

(a) A > B > C (b) B > A > C (c) C > A > B (d) C > B > A

4 ➤ 4. Which excretory product requires maximum water for its elimination?

(a) Ammonia (b) Urea (c) Uric acid (d) Creatinine

5 ➤ 5. Select the incorrect statement from the following:

(a) Ammonia is readily soluble in water. (b) Ammonia is generally excreted by the process of diffusion. (c) Ammonia is excreted as ammonium ion through gill surface in fishes. (d) Ammonia is the major and urea and uric acid are the minor forms of nitrogenous waste excreted by animals.

6 ➤ 6. Metabolic wastes containing nitrogen in our body are due to

(a) Carbohydrates (b) Proteins (c) Fats (d) Vitamins

7 ➤ 7. Excretion involves the process in which

(a) Harmful substances in the body are chemically changed. (b) Substances of no further use or those present in excessive quantities are thrown out of the body. (c) Harmful substances are stored in cells before being eliminated. (d) Expulsion of urine from the urinary bladder and sweat from the skin.

8 ➤ 8. Which of the following is Ureotelic?

(a) Mammals (b) Most of the terrestrial amphibians (c) Marine fishes (d) All the above

9 ➤ 9. Ammonia which is produced by metabolism is converted into ______A_____ in the liver of mammals and released into ______B_____ which is filtered and ______C_____ out by kidney

(a) A–Uric acid, B–Blood, C–excreted (b) A–Urea, B–Blood, C–excreted (c) A–Amino acid, B–Blood, C–excreted (d) A–Sugar, B–Blood, C–excreted

10 ➤ 10. Which of the following is uricotelic? (A) Reptiles (B) Birds (C) Insects (D) Land snails

(a) A, B and C only (b) B and C only (c) A and D only (d) All of these

11 ➤ 11. With respect to the mode of excretion, bony fish falls into what category of organism?

(a) Ureotelic (b) Uricotelic (c) Ammonotelic (d) Osmoconformers

12 ➤ 12. Aquatic animals are mostly ammonotelic because

(a) Ammonia helps in checking the inflow of water into body. (b) Excretion of ammonia requires large amount of water which is available to these animals. (c) Water contains less nitrogen. (d) These get less light.

13 ➤ 13. What gets increased in blood if liver becomes functionless?

(a) Urea (b) Ammonia (c) Uric acid (d) Proteins

14 ➤ 14. Nitrogenous excretory product of frog tadpole is

(a) Ammonia (b) Urea (c) Guanine (d) Uric acid

15 ➤ 15. In aquatic organisms, the waste end product of nitrogen metabolism is

(a) Urea (b) Nitrogen (c) Ammonia (d) Allantois

16 ➤ 16. The chief nitrogenous waste product present in urine of frog is

(a) Ammonia (b) Urea (c) Uric acid (d) Allantoin

17 ➤ 17. Nitrogenous waste is excreted mainly as

(a) Urea in both frog and tadpole (b) Urea in frog and ammonia in tadpole (c) Uric acid in frog and urea in tadpole (d) Urea in tadpole and ammonia in frog

18 ➤ 18. Urea is derived from

(a) Fats (b) Amino acids (c) Carbohydrates (d) Uric acid

19 ➤ 19. Which of the following sets of animals produce the same substances as their chief excretory product?

(a) Fish, pigeon and frog (b) Camel, housefly and snake (c) Frog, monkey and dog (d) Amoeba, ant and antelope

20 ➤ 20. Which of the following sets of animals are uricotelic?

(a) Fish, snake, fowl and man (b) Fish, frog, lizard and fowl (c) Crow, snake, cockroach and lizard (d) Camel, dog, monkey and man

21 ➤ 21. Excretion of nitrogenous waste product mainly as uric acid by birds is helpful in

(a) Conserving body heat (b) Conserving water (c) Eliminating excess water (d) Eliminating excess body heat

22 ➤ 22. Uric acid is formed in human being from

(a) Proteins (b) Glucose (c) Purines (d) Pyrimidines

23 ➤ 23. Uric acid is excreted by

(a) Pigeon (b) Frog (c) Rabbit (d) Man

24 ➤ 24. The least toxic nitrogenous waste is

(a) Ammonia (b) Ammonia + Urea (c) Urea (d) Uric acid

25 ➤ 25. Marine teleost fishes excrete

(a) Uric acid (b) TMO (c) Ammonia (d) All of these

26 ➤ 26. Select the correct statement from the following:(A) In most of the invertebrates, excretory structures are in complex tubular forms.(B) Vertebrates have simple tubular organ as excretory structure like kidney.(C) Protonephridia is primarily concerned with excretion.(D) Protonephridia are excretory structure in rotifers, some annelids and cephalochordates (Amphioxus).

(a) A (b) B (c) C (d) D

27 ➤ 27. Excretory and osmoregulatory structure in cockroach is

(a) Flame cells (b) Green glands (c) Nephridia (d) Malpighian tubules

28 ➤ 28. The animal which retains urea for hypertonicity is (most appropriate)

(a) Elasmobranch (b) Man (c) Bird (d) Amphibian

29 ➤ 29. Malpighian tubules are the excretory organs in

(a) Platyhelminthes (b) Cockroach (c) Pila (d) Ascaris

30 ➤ 30. In annelids, excretory organs are

(a) Nephridia (b) Malpighian tubules (c) Green glands (d) Kidneys

31 ➤ 31. The excretory organs in prawn are

(a) Malpighian tubules (b) Nephridia (c) Kidneys (d) Green glands or antennal gland

32 ➤ 32. Green glands are excretory organs of

(a) Moths (b) Crayfishes (c) Scorpions (d) Spiders

33 ➤ 33. Coxal glands are excretory organs in

(a) Spiders and scorpions (b) Insects (c) Annelids (d) Molluscs

34 ➤ 34. Which of these parts in vertebrates functionally corresponds to the contractile vacuole of protozoans?

(a) Heart (b) Cloaca (c) Sweat glands (d) Kidneys

35 ➤ 35. In humans, the excretory system coexist of

(a) Pair of kidneys (b) Pair of ureters (c) A urinary bladder and a urethra (d) All of these

36 ➤ 36. Kidneys in human is situated between __________.

(a) T12–L3 (b) T11–L2 (c) T12–L1 (d) T12–L5

37 ➤ 37. The correct dimensions of human kidney are

(a) [Length] 10–12 cm [Width] 5–7 cm [Thickness] 2–3 cm [Weight] 120–170 gm (b) [Length] 10–12 cm [Width] 2–3 cm [Thickness] 5–7 cm [Weight] 120–140 gm (c) [Length] 12–14 cm [Width] 5–7 cm [Thickness] 2–3 cm [Weight] 120–140 gm (d) [Length] 12–14 cm [Width] 2–3 cm [Thickness] 2–3 cm [Weight] 120–170 gm

38 ➤ 38. Which of the following is correct about hilum of kidney?

(a) It is present on the convex outer surface. (b) It is present at the inner convex surface. (c) It is notch through which ureter, nerve and blood vessel enter. (d) It is the place where the calyces are open.

39 ➤ 39. Which of the following is incorrect about human kidney?

(a) Kidney is covered by tough capsule (b) Kidney is divided into cortex and medulla on the outer side (c) The cortex is extended in between the medullary pyramid and the renal column of bertini. (d) Kidney is situated close to the dorsal inner wall of abdominal cavity.

40 ➤ 40. Each kidney has (nearly) how many nephrons?

(a) 1 million (b) 2 million (c) ½ million (d) 3 million

41 ➤ 41. The extension of cortex in medulla is known as

(a) Columnae carneae (b) Columns of bertini (c) Renal columns (d) both (b) and (c)

42 ➤ 42. Each nephron consists of

(a) Glomerulus (b) Renal tubules (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) Calyces

43 ➤ 43. Glomerules along with Bowman’s capsule is called

(a) Renal corpuscle (b) Malpighian tubule (c) Malpighian body (d) Both (a) and (c)

44 ➤ 44. A part of Nephron is situated in cortex completely

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A. Malpighian Corpuscle

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B. PCT

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C. DCT

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D. Loop of Henle

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E. Collecting duct

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(a) A, B and C only (b) B and C only (c) A, B, C and D only (d) D and E only

45 ➤ 45. Select the incorrect statement from the following:

(a) The DCTs of many nephrons opens into a straight tube called collecting duct. (b) In cortical nephrons (majority), the loop of Henle is too short and extended only very little in medulla. (c) In juxta medullary nephrons (minority), the loop of Henle is very long and runs deeply into medulla. (d) Vasa recta is not a part of peritubular network .

46 ➤ 46. Two kidneys of human beings lie

(a) At the level of ovaries (b) At the same level (c) Left kidney at a higher level than the right one (d) Right kidney at a higher level than the left one

47 ➤ 47. Which term is used both for a part of kidney and a part of skeleton in the mammals?

(a) Centrum (b) Pelvis (c) Cortex (d) Medulla

48 ➤ 48. Mammalian kidney serve to excrete

(a) Excess water, urea and amino acids (b) Excess salts, urea and excess water (c) Excess salts, excess water and excess amino acids (d) Excess salts, urea and water

49 ➤ 49. The part through which arteries and veins enter or leave the kidney is called

(a) Major calyces (b) Minor calyces (c) Hilus (d) Renal pore

50 ➤ 50. Cells named podocytes occur in the wall of

(a) Neck region of nephrons (b) Glomerular capillaries (c) Outer wall of Bowman’s capsules (d) Inner wall of Bowman’s capsules

51 ➤ 51. A malpighian corpuscle is

(a) Another name for nephron (b) An excretory structure of insects (c) Combined name for glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule (d) None of the above

52 ➤ 52. Blood vessel leading to glomerulus is called

(a) Renal artery (b) Renal vein (c) Efferent arteriole (d) Afferent arteriole

53 ➤ 53. Blood vessel draining the glomerulus in a mammalian nephron is called

(a) Afferent arteriole and is narrower than the vessel entering it. (b) Efferent venule and is narrower than the vessel entering it. (c) Efferent arteriole and is narrower than the vessel entering it. (d) Renal artery and is wider than the vessel entering it.

54 ➤ 54. In mammalian kidneys, the Bowman’s capsules or Malpighian corpuscles occur in

(a) Cortex (b) Medulla (c) Pelvis (d) All of these

55 ➤ 55. In a glomerulus

(a) Afferent arteriole is thicker than efferent arteriole. (b) Afferent capillaries are thicker than efferent capillaries. (c) Afferent capillaries are thinner than efferent capillaries. (d) Afferent arteriole is thinner than efferent arteriole.

56 ➤ 56. Which one of these is not a part of uriniferous tubule?

(a) Loop of Henle (b) Collecting duct (c) Bowman’s capsule (d) Distal convoluted tubule

57 ➤ 57. Bowman’s capsule is lined by

(a) Ciliated epithelium (b) Squamous epithelium (c) Cuboidal epithelium (d) Cuboidal and columnar epithelium

58 ➤ 58. Brush border is a characteristic of

(a) Neck of nephron (b) Collecting tube (c) Proximal convoluted tubule (d) All of these

59 ➤ 59. Filtration of blood occurs in

(a) Loop of Henle (b) Bowman’s capsule (c) Lungs (d) Renal papillae

60 ➤ 60. The glomerular filtrate, i.e., the liquid collected in the cavity of Bowman’s capsule is

(a) Blood minus proteins (b) Blood minus proteins and corpuscles (c) Water (d) Urine

61 ➤ 61. Normally that is absent in Glomerular filtrate is

(a) Albumin (b) Glucose (c) NaCI (d) Creatinine

62 ➤ 62. The glomerular filtration rate would be decreased by

(a) Constriction of the efferent arteriole (b) An increase in afferent arteriolar pressure (c) Compression of the renal capsule (d) An increase in the renal blood flow

63 ➤ 63. A minute vessel runs parallel to the Henle’s loop forming ‘U’ shape vasa recta is a part of

(a) Peritubular network (b) Afferent arteriole (c) Efferent arteriole (d) Bowman’s capsule

64 ➤ 64. Urine formation mainly involves the process of

(a) Ultrafiltration (b) Selective reabsorption (c) Secretion (d) All of these

65 ➤ 65. How much amount of blood is filtered out by kidney’s/min?

(a) 500 ml (b) 1100–1200 ml (c) 1500 ml (d) 125 ml

66 ➤ 66. How many layers do filtration membrane consist of?

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4

67 ➤ 67. Filtration membrane consist of

(a) Endothelium of glomerular blood vessels (b) Epithelium of Bowman’s capsule (c) Basement membrane between the above two layers (d) All the above

68 ➤ 68. Which of the following is incorrect about ultrafiltration?

(a) Podocytes are arranged in intricate manner so as to leave minute space called filtration slits and slit pore, filtration occurs finely through these pores. (b) Filtration is so fine that almost all the constituent of blood except protein pass onto the lumen of Bowman’s capsule. (c) Filtrated fluid is isotonic to blood plasma. (d) JGA controls the filtration rate of ultrafiltration.

69 ➤ 69. The values of GFR in an healthy individual is

(a) 125 ml/min (b) 150 ml/min (c) 100 ml/min (d) 200 ml/min

70 ➤ 70. The amount of the filtrate formed by the kidneys are

(a) 125 ml/min (b) 7.5 litre/hr (c) 180 litre/day (d) All of these

71 ➤ 71. Select the total number of correct matching.

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(1) JGA → Juxtaglomerular Apparatus

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(2) GFR → Glomerular Filtration Rate

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(3) PCT → Proximal Conducting Tube

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(4) DCT → Distal Convoluted Tubule

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(5) CD → Conducting Duct

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(6) ADH → Antidiuretic Hormone

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(a) 6 (b) 5 (c) 4 (d) 2

72 ➤ 72. JGA is formed by

(a) Part of DCT (b) Part of afferent arteriole (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these

73 ➤ 73. Following are the points of mechanism of JGA. Arrange them accordingly.

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(A) Activation of JG cells

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(B) Activated JG cells release renin

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(C) Fall in GFR

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(D) Increase of glomerular blood flow

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(E) GFR back to normal

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(a) E, A, D, C, B (b) C, A, B, D, E (c) A, B, C, D, E (d) C, A, D, B, E

74 ➤ 74. Nearly how much percent of the filtrate is reabsorbed by the renal tubules?

(a) 70–80% (b) 85% (c) 99% (d) 90%

75 ➤ 75. Choose the correct statement about absorption in renal tubules from the following:

(a) Glucose, amino acids and Na+ reabsorbed actively. (b) Nitrogenous waste are absorbed by passive transport. (c) 70–80 per cent of electrolyte and water are absorbed in PCT. (d) All the above

76 ➤ 76. Tubular secretion helps in

(a) Ionic balance of body fluid (b) Acid base balance of body fluid (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these

77 ➤ 77. Which of the following is an incorrect statement about filtration?

(a) Selective process (b) Non-selective process (c) Performed by glomerulus (d) It occurs through the usage of capillary (glomerulus) blood pressure

78 ➤ 78. Which of the following is incorrect about PCT?

(a) Lined with simple cuboidal brush border epithelium. (b) All essential nutrient and 70 to 80 per cent of the electrolyte and water are reabsorbed here. (c) It helps in the PH maintenance of body fluid by the selective secretion of H+ ion and by the absorption of HCO3–. (d) It does not help in the maintenance of ionic balance of body fluid.

79 ➤ 79. Which of the following part has minimum reabsorption?

(a) PCT (b) HL (c) DCT (d) Collecting duct

80 ➤ 80. Select the total number of correct statements about the loop of Henle.(1) Descending limb is permeable to water.(2) Descending limb is almost impermeable to electrolyte.(3) Ascending limb is impermeable to water.(4) It allows the transport of electrolyte only actively.(5) At the tip of loop of Henle, the concentration of filtrate is 1200 m osmol/l.(6) It helps in the maintenance of high osmolarity in medullary interstitium.

(a) 6 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5

81 ➤ 81. Which segment helps in the pH maintenance of body fluid?

(a) PCT (b) DCT (c) Collecting duct (d) All

82 ➤ 82. DCT helps in (A) Conditional reabsorption of Na+ and water(B) HCO3– absorption(C) pH maintenance(D) Selective secretion of H+ and K+

(a) A, C and D only (b) B, C and D only (c) All of these (d) C and D only

83 ➤ 83. Which of the following segment allows the passage of small amount of urea into modularly interstitium to keep up the osmolarity?

(a) PCT (b) DCT (c) HL (d) Collecting duct

84 ➤ 84. At which place we initially used the term ‘urine’ for filtrate?

(a) PCT (b) DCT (c) HL (d) Collecting duct (end)

85 ➤ 85. Counter-current mechanism is present in

(a) HL (b) Vasa recta (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) DCT

86 ➤ 86. Which of the following is incorrect about counter-current mechanism?

(a) The flow of filtrate in two limbs of vasa recta is in opposite direction. (b) The flow of blood in two limbs of vasa recta is also in opposite direction. (c) NaCI is transported by the ascending limb of HL which is exchanged with the descending limb of vasa recta. (d) NaCI is returned to in interstitium by the ascending portion of vasa recta.

87 ➤ 87. Counter current mechanism maintains the concentration gradient in the medullary interstitium. It helps in

(a) Easy passage of water from PCT (b) Easy passage of water from DCT (c) Easy passage of water from HL (d) Easy passage of water from collecting duct

88 ➤ 88. The total filtrate formed in 24 hours in human kidney is

(a) 1.8 litre (b) 8.0 litre (c) 18 1itre (d) 180 litre

89 ➤ 89. Which of the following is most likely to cause an increase in the glomerular filtration rates?

(a) Blockage of ureter (b) Dilation of the afferent arterioles (c) Release of renin from the juxtaglomerular apparatus (d) Volume depletion

90 ➤ 90. Which of these will be completely reabsorbed from glomerular filtrate under normal conditions in the nephrons?

(a) Urea (b) Salts (c) Uric acid (d) Glucose

91 ➤ 91. What are mainly reabsorbed from Henle’s loops?

(a) Potassium (b) Glucose (c) Water and NaCl (d) Urea and NaCl

92 ➤ 92. The part of the nephron that helps in active reabsorption of sodium is

(a) Bowman’s capsule (b) Distal convoluted tubule (c) Ascending limb of Henle’s loop (d) Proximal convoluted tubules

93 ➤ 93. Which of the following substance is actively secreted into glomerular filtrate of the kidney tubule?

(a) Amino acids (b) Chloride ions (c) Na+ (d) K+

94 ➤ 94. The effect of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) on the kidney is to increase the

(a) Excretion of water (b) Excretion of Na’ (c) Permeability of the distal nephron to water (d) Glomerular filtration rate

95 ➤ 95. In deficiency of ADH, the rate of micturition

(a) Decreases (b) Increases (c) Remains the same (d) None of these

96 ➤ 96. Volume of urine is regulated by

(a) Aldosterone (b) Aldosterone and ADH (c) Aldosterone, ADH and testosterone (d) ADH alone

97 ➤ 97. When a person is suffering from poor renal reabsorption, which one of the following will not help in the maintenance of blood volume?

(a) Increased ADH secretion (b) Decreased glomerular filtration (c) Increased arterial pressure in kidneys (d) Decreased arterial pressure in kidneys

98 ➤ 98. The number of nephrons in a kidney is equal to the

(a) Number of Bowman’s capsules (b) Sum of Bowman’s capsules and glomeruli (c) Double the number of Bowman’s capsules (d) Sum of Bowman’s capsules and Malpighian corpuscles

99 ➤ 99. If Henle’s loop were absent from mammalian nephron, which of the following is to be expected?

(a) The urine will be more dilute. (b) There will be no urine formation. (c) The urine will have more concentration. (d) There will be hardly any change in the quality and quantity of urine formed.

100 ➤ 100. Which of the following statements is/are true?

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1. Urine is hypertonic in distal convoluted tubule.

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2. When the urine passes into the collecting tubule it becomes hypotonic.

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3. Urine is isotonic in proximal convoluted tubule.

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4. Urine becomes more and more hypotonic as it passes through the Henle’s loop.

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(a) 1 and 4 only (b) 1, 2 and 3 only (c) 2 and 3 only (d) 3 only

Your Score is

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